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:''This article is about the township of Nutley in New Jersey. For the village in East Sussex, see Nutley, East Sussex.'' Nutley is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 28,370,〔〔〔 reflecting an increase of 1,008 (+3.7%) from the 27,362 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 263 (+1.0%) from the 27,099 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 4, 2012.〕 What is now Nutley was originally incorporated as Franklin Township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 18, 1874, from portions of Belleville Township. Nutley was incorporated as a Town on March 5, 1902, replacing Franklin Township.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 130 for Nutley, p. 128 for Franklin Township. Accessed June 1, 2012.〕〔Honeyman, Abraham Van Doren. (''Index-analysis of the Statutes of New Jersey, 1896-1909: Together with References to All Acts, and Parts of Acts, in the 'General Statutes' and Pamphlet Laws Expressly Repealed: and the Statutory Crimes of New Jersey During the Same Period'' ), p. 209. New Jersey Law Journal Publishing Company, 1910. Accessed September 12, 2015.〕 In 1981, the town was one of seven Essex County municipalities to pass a referendum to become a township, joining four municipalities that had already made the change, of what would ultimately be more than a dozen Essex County municipalities to reclassify themselves as townships in order take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies that allocated townships a greater share of government aid to municipalities on a per capita basis.〔("Chapter VI: Municipal Names and Municipal Classification" ), p. 73. New Jersey State Commission on County and Municipal Government, 1992. Accessed September 24, 2015.〕〔("Removing Tiering From The Revenue Sharing Formula Would Eliminate Payment Inequities To Local Governments" ), Government Accountability Office, April 15, 1982. Accessed September 24, 2015. "In 1978, South Orange Village was the first municipality to change its name to the 'township' of South Orange Village effective beginning in entitlement period 10 (October 1978 to September 1979). The Borough of Fairfield in 1978 changed its designation by a majority vote of the electorate and became the 'Township of Fairfield' effective beginning entitlement period 11 (October 1979 to September 1980).... However, the Revenue Sharing Act was not changed and the actions taken by South Orange and Fairfield prompted the Town of Montclair and West Orange to change their designation by referendum in the November 4, 1980, election. The municipalities of Belleville, Verona, Bloomfield, Nutley, Essex Fells, Caldwell, and West Caldwell have since changed their classification from municipality to a township."〕〔Narvaez, Alfonso A. ("New Jersey Journal" ), ''The New York Times'', December 27, 1981. Accessed September 24, 2015. "Under the Federal system, New Jersey's portion of the revenue sharing funds is disbursed among the 21 counties to create three 'money pools.' One is for county governments, one for 'places' and a third for townships. By making the change, a community can use the 'township advantage' to get away from the category containing areas with low per capita incomes."〕〔Karcher, Alan J. (''New Jersey's Multiple Municipal Madness'' ), pp. 119-120. Rutgers University Press, 1998. ISBN 9780813525662. Accessed September 24, 2015.〕 Nutley derived its name from the estate of the Satterthwaite family, established in 1844, which stretched along the Passaic River and from an artist's colony in the area.〔〔〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 25, 2015.〕 ''New Jersey Monthly'' magazine ranked Nutley as its 38th best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey.〔("Best Places To Live - The Complete Top Towns List 1-100" ), ''New Jersey Monthly'', February 21, 2008. Accessed February 24, 2008.〕 ==History== Nutley grew slowly as Newark developed. The first European settler in the area, recorded in the minutes of a Newark town meeting in 1693, was a Dutch painter named Bastian Van Giesen.〔(History of Nutley ), Township of Nutley. Accessed January 21, 2014.〕 His house, known as Vreeland Homestead, still stands today on Chestnut Street and is the location of the Nutley Women's Club. John Treat and Thomas Stagg purchased lots adjacent to Van Geisen's in 1695 and 1698 respectively. The Van Riper House is another building from the era. The first brownstone quarry in Nutley is believed to have been in operation by the early 18th century and was the town's first major industry.〔 Jobs at the brownstone quarry in the Avondale section of Nutley provided work for many Italian and Irish immigrants. Mills situated along the Third River in the area now known as Memorial Park I became Nutley's second major industry.〔 John and Thomas Speer, Joseph Kingsland, and Henry Duncan all operated mills in the town during the 1800s. Current streets in Nutley are named after these mill owners. Henry Duncan built several mills throughout the town and established the village of Franklinville consisting of 30 homes and a few small businesses which later became the center of Nutley.〔 One of Duncan's buildings has been modified and now serves as the town hall. Kingsland Manor is a national historic place. During the late 1880s, painter Frank Fowler founded an artists' colony on The Enclosure, a dead-end street that is near the Third River, a stream that runs through the town's parks. Later artist residents of the street included Frederick Dana Marsh, Reginald Marsh and muralist Michael Lenson.〔Bailinson, Frank. ("Paving a Major Issue in Nutley; Muralist's Home" ), ''The New York Times'', October 21, 1973. Accessed October 28, 2013.〕〔(Frank Fowler (1852 - 1910 ) ), Stockton University Art and Architecture of New Jersey. Accessed October 28, 2013.〕 Gary T. Erbe, a Trompe-l'œil painter, currently resides there.〔(Biography ), Gary T. Erbe. Accessed October 28, 2013. "Erbe currently maintains his studio at 62 Enclosure, Nutley, NJ 07110."〕 Nutley's current town historian, John Demmer, is the author of the book in the "Images of America" series titled ''Nutley''; Demmer is also part of The Nutley Historical Society,〔(Jazz At The Museum ), Nutley Historical Society, May 1, 2010. Accessed September 12, 2010.〕 a not-for-profit organization dedicated to serve the educational, cultural and historical needs of the community. The Nutley Historical Society manages the operation of The Nutley Historical Museum, housed in a former town schoolhouse at 65 Church Street. Several other historical works on Nutley have been written by local historians, notably the late Ann Troy's ''Nutley: Yesterday - Today''; "''Nutley''" by Marilyn Peters and Richard O'Connor in the "Then and Now" series; and books about the Nutley Velodrome. Local resident Chris Economaki wrote extensively about the Nutley Velodrome in his autobiographical racing history ''Let Them All Go!'' as the Velodrome was the first racetrack he had visited as a child. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nutley, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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